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OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical and epidemiologic features of SARS-CoV-2 in companion animals detected through both passive and active surveillance in the US. ANIMALS: 204 companion animals (109 cats, 95 dogs) across 33 states with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections between March 2020 and December 2021. PROCEDURES: Public health officials, animal health officials, and academic researchers investigating zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 transmission events reported clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic information through a standardized One Health surveillance process developed by the CDC and partners. RESULTS: Among dogs and cats identified through passive surveillance, 94% (n = 87) had reported exposure to a person with COVlD-19 before infection. Clinical signs of illness were present in 74% of pets identified through passive surveillance and 27% of pets identified through active surveillance. Duration of illness in pets averaged 15 days in cats and 12 days in dogs. The average time between human and pet onset of illness was 10 days. Viral nucleic acid was first detected at 3 days after exposure in both cats and dogs. Antibodies were detected starting 5 days after exposure, and titers were highest at 9 days in cats and 14 days in dogs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of the present study supported that cats and dogs primarily become infected with SARS-CoV-2 following expo- sure to a person with COVID-19, most often their owners. Case investigation and surveillance that include both people and animals are necessary to understand transmission dynamics and viral evolution of zoonotic diseases like SARS-CoV-2.
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As an alternative for university students to continue their professional training during the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions implemented virtual learning modalities. In this context, it was proposed to determine the social representations assumed by university students who are pursuing their studies as future educators. It is presumed that representations related to didactic practices are composed of content (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) and organization (central core and representational system). This is an ethnographic study, with an available nonprobabilistic sample of 227 students from the primary education major at Universidad Tecnica del Norte. Verbal association techniques and documentary research were used for information collection. To analyze the data, the IRaMuTeQ software (R interface for texts and questionnaire multidimensional analysis) was used. Two types of analyses were conducted: hierarchical classification and factorial correspondence. In conclusion, a virtuality with difficulties and a careful and responsible face-to-face modality are expressed as meanings associated to the representations, both of which require qualitative changes. Regarding the organization, didactic practice complementarity is assumed to be integrated in a hybrid learning modality.
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Background: Diabetes is considered as one of the leading risk factors for severe COVID-19. We aimed to characterize the differences between type 2 diabetic patients after hospitalization in medical departments at our medical center due to COVID-19 or other diseases. Among the patients with COVID-19, we explored clinical parameters that were associated with severe disease. Method: This is a case-control study of diabetic patients after medical department hospitalization between 09/2020-05/2021. Patients with COVID-19 were compared to those without COVID-19. Patients were defined as COVID-19 negative if the SARS-CoV- 2 polymerase chain reaction and serology were negative and COVID-19 positive, according to a positive SARS-CoV- 2 polymerase chain reaction. Baseline albuminuria was defined as urine albumin to creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/gr before hospitalization. Patients that had COVID-19 were recruited after their discharge while other diabetic patients were recruited during hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for severe or critical COVID-19, as compared to mild or moderate disease. In the multivariable analysis: the severity of COVID-19 was the dependent variable, while the following variables were independent variables: eGFR, HbA1C and albuminuria before hospitalization, age and polymorphonuclear(PMN) /lymphocytes (NLR max) during hospitalization, and BMI and gender during recruitment. Results: 65 diabetic patients after COVID-19 and 144 diabetic patients who were hospitalized in the Medical department due to other reasons were recruited. Patients after hospitalization due to other diagnoses (not COVID-19) were older than patients after COVID-19: (p=0. 005), had longer duration of diabetes (p=0. 03), lower eGFR (p=0. 03) and lower C-reactive protein (CRP) at admission (p<0. 001). In addition, baseline albuminuria was more common in patients without COVID-19 (54.9% versus 30.8%, p= 0. 002). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis that included only patients after COVID-19 infection, a higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, OR 1.24 (95% CI 1. 01-1.53, P=0. 04). Similarly, a higher maximal ratio of NLR- Max was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 OR 1.2 (95% CI 1. 06-1.37, P=0. 005). Surprisingly, the presence of albuminuria before hospitalization was associated with a reduced risk for severe COVID-19 OR 0. 09 (95% CI 0. 014-0.62, P=0. 015). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the presence of albuminuria in diabetic patients, may serve as a protective factor for severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies are needed to explore this association and the implication to treatment intervention.Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
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Introduction: Durvalumab received EMA approval as consolidation therapy (CT) for unresectable stage III NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥1% and who did not have progression after CRT. Our objective was to analyze in real clinical practice the effectiveness of durvalumab and explore the clinical factors that may be associated with the benefit from CT. Methods: Retrospective study was made at Hospital of Leon (Spain), including 37 patients with locally advanced NSCLC treated with durvalumab after CRT treatment between March 2018 and october 2021 (40.5% patients were included in the durvalumab early access program). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could identified after CRT as a factor that may be benefit from durvalumab. Results: Median age was 67 years (range 46-82 years). 40.5% of patients were ≥70 years old. 78.4% were male and 51.4% smokers. 54% had non-squamous histology. PD-L1 expression was <1% in 5% and not available in 8% patients. 2.7% ROS1 rearrangements, 5.4% KRAS mutations and not available in 43.2% patients. Stage IIIA, IIIB, IIIC disease were 24.3%, 54.1% and 21.6%, respectively. Median time from end of CRT to onset durvalumab was 44 days (range 13-120 days). Overall median CT duration was 214.8 days (range 69-399 days) with a median of 14 infusions (range 6-27 infusions). With a median follow up of 19.7 months (range 1.4-34.9 months);67.6% had stopped CT: 37.8% due to completing treatment, 16.2% disease progression, 10.8% adverse event and 2.7% due to COVID19 infection. Median real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) was 17 months (95% CI, 11-23). Median real-world overall survival (rwOS) was 29.9 months (95% CI, 23.3-36.6). %rwOS at 6, 18 and 24 months were 100%, 86.9% and 74.5%, respectively. For patients with post-CRT NLR not exceeding the cohort median value of 6, receipt of durvalumab was associated with an improvement in rwOS (median not reached vs 25.7 months;p=0.025). 56.8% patients had any grade of radiation pneumonitis (median time from CRT start: 119 days [range 36-241 days]). Of these, 19% patients developed worsening of radiation pneumonitis with durvalumab. 54,1% developed immune-mediated toxicity, mostly G1-2 (85.1%). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of durvalumab consolidation in this patients population in a real-life setting. We identified low NLR after CRT as a potentially predictive factor for the benefit of CT in locally advanced NSCLC. Keywords: DURVALUMAB, PACIFIC, REAL WORLD DATA
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With the arrival of the pandemic, we proposed to analyze indicators of physical condition and metabolic risk in university students in Ecuador to establish prevention strategies. A cross-sectional study was applied in a sample of 400 university students in Ecuador (77.3% male and 22.7% female). Physical fitness and metabolic risk indicators were assessed using the R-Fit physical fitness and metabolic risk assessment platform. The body composition parameters calculated were waist circumference, fat percentage, muscle mass, residual mass and visceral fat, allowing categorization of metabolic risk levels. The results between the groups by sex determined statistically significant differences at a level of P ≤ 0.05, in all body composition parameters, with higher percentages in risk levels in the male sex. In relation to the level of metabolic risk, no significant differences were observed at a level of P ≥ 0.05, showing that in the risk levels the female group was found and in the elite levels mostly the male group. It is concluded that the R-Fit platform determines several parameters for the study of body composition and metabolic risk, analyzes very large samples and in a simple manner, allows categorization and application of statistics in relation to metabolic risk. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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In this study, the levels of environmental awareness were determined through the mathematization of three climatic elements (Temperature, Solar Lighting and Wind Speed) and the element that aroused the greatest interest, in the university students of the city of Lima, during the year 2021, in times of Covid-19;with data obtained from Weather Spark;through a questionnaire of sixteen reagents to 176 university students to measure the levels of environmental awareness in its dimensions: cognitive, affective, conative and active. Concluding that more than 50% of university students had little knowledge of the mathematization of climatic elements for environmental awareness;the majority high level of affectivity, 68.21% indicated having intermediate intention (conative dimension), and 55.44 %, indicated having high activity;evidencing the affinity, intention and action to achieve environmental awareness through the mathematization of these climatic elements;solar lighting being the most prone element, arousing greater interest, because its equation had a high coefficient of determination (92.83 %);In addition, in the answers to the questionnaire, the preference for illuminated days was deduced, such as those of the year 2020.
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Background: In March 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus a pandemic, and since then a remarkably large psychological experiment has been carried out in the world: social isolation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of social isolation on healthy habits and some psychosocial and beha-vioral aspects during the confinement and restrictions imposed by the pandemic in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA). Methods: An anonymous survey, excluding medical personnel, was carried out through social networks (WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook and e-mail), Results: After 7 days of sending the link 2,912 people had answered the survey. Age was between 40 and 60 years in 48.2% of par-ticipants, with a predominance of women. In 43.53% of cases, respondents perceived changes in their lifestyle, such as a twofold increase of hours in front of electronic devices during quarantine. This was accompanied by a more sedentary lifestyle, since 83.5% exercised before the pandemic but only 6.4% maintained the prior hours of weekly physical activity. Altered eating habits was repor-ted by 43.52% of participants and 41% referred symptoms compatible with depression, anxiety, sadness, reluctance or hopelessness. Conclusions: Our study suggests that psychological wellbeing and healthy habits are threatened by confinement in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, so it is necessary to implement measures to prevent consequences in our population.